Published: 03-04-2018

Every day, we search PubMed for new papers relevant to health economics and outcomes research. In this blog, we summarise some of the more relevant and interesting abstracts added to the database in April 2018. 

Utility studies

• A systemtic review concluded that exercise training improves general health and vitality SF-36 scores in patients with atrial fibrillation. Kato 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The EQ-5D was more useful at measuring changes in quality of life after surgical removal of third molars than the Oral Health Impact Profile OHIP-14 in patients in the UK. Beech 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Patients with chronic hepatitis C who were receiving treatment with peginterferon + ribavirin, with or without telaprevir or bocepravir in Brazil had lower SF-36 and Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) scores than those not being treated.  Perlin 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The EQ-5D-5L and EQ-5D-3L tools were validated in patients with psoriasis in Greece.  Yfantopoulos 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• EQ-5D values improved with treatment for diabetic foot ulcers in Europe, with comorbidities having little impact on values. Siersma 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• SF-36 MCS scores and HADS scores predicted the development of cardiac ischaemia in patients with diabetes and no known coronary artery disease in Switzerland. Haaf 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• EQ-VAS scores were on average 10.5 points lower in patients with skin disorders in Europe than in controls, especially in  patients with psoriasis, eczema, ulcers, blisters and hidradenitis suppurativa. Balieva 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Mean EQ-5D values in elderly adults in Hungary with age-related macular degeneration was 0.66 compared with 0.72 for matched controls. Pentek 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Great saphenous vein ablation increased EQ-5D values by a mean of 0.255 in patients with varicose veins in Thailand. Siribumrungwong 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Long-term quality of life, on the SF-36, Q-LES-Q and Social Adjustment Scale, was greater in patients with major depression in Japan who took venlafaxine maintenance therapy versus placebo. Watanabe 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• CBT improves quality of life, on the SF-36, HADS and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire [IBDQ], in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the Netherlands compared with a waiting list control. Bennebroek 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• SF-12 values and Wong Baker faces pain scale scores improved after 2-3 months with acupressure compared with sham acupressure in women with primary dysmenorrhoea in Iran. Bazarganipour 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• EQ-5D and FACT-Lym scores improved more in patients with mantle cell lymphoma who were treated with ibrutinib than temsirolimus. Hess 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Using the EQ-5D-5L caused a decrease of up to 87% in QALY gained calculations for new technologies compared with the EQ-5D-3L in UK patients with rheumatoid disease. Hernandez Alava 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Parents in the UK consistently rated the quality of life of their children with impaired mobility lower than the children themselves using the EQ-5D-Y, EQ-VAS and HUI2/3, with the lowest agreement with EQ-5D values.  Bray 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• SF-36 and National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire scores were lower in Australian patients with uveitis than those with diabetic retinopathy or normal vision controls. Hui 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• A systematic review found that adults with sarcopenia reported impaired SF-36 and EQ-5D values. Tsekoura 2017 Go to paper on PubMed 

Studies validating a PRO instrument

• The Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pediatric pain behavior scale was validated in children in the USA with chronic paid due to fibromyalgia, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and sickle cell disease.  Cunningham 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Italian version of the Chronic Ear Survey was validated against the SF-36 in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media in Italy. Ralli 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• A single item, 7-point scale to assess current satisfaction with physical and emotional well-being was validated against the  Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) and the Palliative Outcome Scale (POS) in German patients receiving palliative care. Conrad 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Rosacea-specific Quality of Life tool was translated and validated against the Dermatology Life Quality Index in patients with rosacea in China. Deng 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• The BODY-Q tool was validated in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery in Canada. Klassen 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Uraemic Pruritus in Dialysis Patients (UP-Dial) was validated against the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and a VAS in patient with uraemic pruritus in Thailand. Nochaiwong 2017 Go to paper on PubMed 
• The Berlin Questionnaire was validated as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnoea  in obese patients  awaiting bariatric surgery in Brazil. Modena 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms CAINS was validated in patients with schizophrenia in the USA. Blanchard 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Simple Shoulder Test was validated against the SF-36 in US patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty. Hsu 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Nottingham Clavicle Score was validated against the Constant Score, Oxford Shoulder Score, EQ-5D and Imatani Score in patients with cromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joint injuries and clavicle fractures in the UK. Charles 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The St George's Respiratory Questionnaire was validated against the Asthma Control Questionnaire in patients with severe asthma treated with mepolizumab or placebo. Nelsen 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Computerized Cognitive Screen (CoCoSc) was validated against the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in elderly attendees of community social centres on China. Wong 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) was able to predict responses to sertraline or CBT in children with anxiety disorders in the USA. Caporino 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Arabic Child Oral Health Impact Profile- short form COHIP-SF 19 was validated in Libyan schoolchildren. Arheiam 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The  Spanish CLEFT-Q was validated in patients with cleft lip and palate in Spain, Colombia and Chile. Tsangaris 2017 Go to paper on PubMed 
• The Questionnaire on Pain caused by Spasticity (QPS) was validated against the PedsQL in children with cerebral palsy in China. Geister 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Arthritis Self-Management Assessment Tool (ASMAT) was validated in patients with arthritis in South Korea. Oh 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery was validated in patients in Sweden with mental disorders. Argentzell 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Pelvic Floor Disorders Network (PFDN) Adaptive Behavior Index (ABI) was validated against the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ) in women with pelvic floor disorders in the USA. Wei 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Catquest-9SF was validated as a measure of visual disability in Swedish patients undergoing corneal transplantation. Claesson 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Korean EORTC QLQ-ELD14 was validated against the EORTC QLQ-C30 in elderly Korean patients with cancer. Goo 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire-Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (CLDQ-NAFLD) was validated against the SF-36 in US adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Younossi 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Mini-Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life (Mini-OAKHQOL) was validated against the SF-36 and WOMAC in patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis in Spain. Gonzalez Sáenz de Tejada 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Computerized Adaptive Tests (PROMIS CAT) was validated against the SF-36, SLEDAI, LupusQoL and SDI in US patients with SLE. Kasturi 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The LupusQoL was validated against the EQ-5D, EQ-VAS and SLAQ in Spanish patients with SLE. Meseguer-Henarejos  2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Urogenital Distress Inventory short form and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire short form were validated against the ICIQ in Polish adults with urinary incontinence. Skorupska 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Safe Driving Climate among Friends (SDCaF) scale was validated in Israel as a measure of the impact of social relations of adolescents and young adults on their driving. Guggenheim 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Catquest-9SF was validated against the Lens Opacities Classification System (LOCS) III cataract grading in Chinese patients with cataracts. Xu 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• A difference of 1.0 in the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT) was the minimal clinically-important difference in patients in the USA undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Levy 2017 Go to paper on PubMed

Other PRO studies

• Patient education improved self-management skills after 12 months in patients with diabetes in Denmark, using the Health Education Impact Questionnaire (HeiQ). Laursen 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• A systematic review concluded that exercise therapy may improve quality of life in patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Duregon 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Uterine fibroid embolisation significantly improved quality of life and symptoms on the Uterine Fibroid Symptoms Quality of Life Questionnaire in Black African women. Mariara 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Canadian patients with chronic heart failure, COPD, hypertension, stroke or diabetes who were high users of health care services showed deterioration in quality of life over time; those randomised to community-based paramedical services had a slower decline in QOL than those receiving usual care. Ashton 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Autistic spectrum disorder phenotypes in the USA can be characterised by discrepancies between parent and teacher scores on the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-4R (CASI-4R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2), as well as absolute scores on these instruments.  Lerner 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Symptoms and quality of life, on the Munk score and Lac-Q, improved in patients having dacryocystorhinostomy for epiphora in the UK. Sipkova 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• A systematic review found that quality of life, measured with tools including the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index, Chronic Sinusitis Survey, Sino-Nasal Outcome Test, Rhinosinusitis Symptom Inventory, Rhinosinusitis Outcome Measure 31, and the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test, was improved after revision endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Prasad 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Overall quality of life was similar but gastroesophageal reflux symptoms on the GerdQ were worse in obese patients who had Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy than Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in the Netherlands. Biter 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Disability, on the WHODAS questionnaire, was greater in patients with Crohn's disease than ulcerative colitis in Greece. Argyriou 2017 Go to paper on PubMed 
• Three quality of life trajectories were identified using the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire (QOLCE-55) in children with newly-diagnosed epilepsy in Canada. Sajobi 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Biofeedback did not improve Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire scores in Iranian women with pelvic organ prolapse. Ahadi 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Motivational interviewing improved modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea scale and Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire scores in US patients with COPD after 3 months. Rehman 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Exercise therapy improved fatigue, measured on the EORTC QLQ-C36, and vitality, on the SF-36, in men taking androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer in Australia. Taaffe 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Urinary incontinence was worse in African Americans than White men after treatment for localised prostate cancer, but other quality of life dimensions on the Expanded Prostate Index Composite (EPIC)  score were similar. Tyson 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• A discrete-choice experiment found that the UK general population were willing to pay £1118.53 per month and patients with diabetes would pay 2356.02 per month to avoid the most severe health state associated with diabetes. Rowen 2017 Go to paper on PubMed

Costs and resource use studies

• The costs of coronary artery bypass grafts and heart valve surgery, estimated from microcosting or length of stay, were less than procedure prices paid to the hospital for elderly patients in Portugal. Coelho 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• A systematic review concluded that case management for inpatients reduced readmissions and emergency department visits. Joo 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Mean healthcare costs were €20,000 in the 6 years after a myocardial infarction in Sweden in 2006 to 2011, of which €12,460 occurred in the first year, mainly due to hospitalisations. Janzon 2016 Go to paper on PubMed
• The FLOSEAL active flowable haemostatic matrix saves $151 to $574 per patient receiving spine surgery compared with SURGIFLO in US hospitals. Makhija 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Use of minimally invasive ventral hernia repair has increased in the USA between 2008 - 2015; a 5% shift from inpatient to outpatient care could save US$1.8  million per provider. Song 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Post-operative costs were $10,143 lower in patients send to a rehabilitation ward compared with an acute surgical ward after total knee arthroplasty in the USA, with no differences in pain scores or readmission rates. Tse 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Sending elderly patients in the UK a questionnaire about their views on influenza vaccines significantly increased vaccine uptake compared with no questionnaire. Conner 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Use of intrauterine contraceptive devices increased in women in the USA between 2006 and 2011; tubal ligation sterilisations decreased over the same period, especially in women aged 20-34 years. Howard 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Compared to the UK, respondents in Canada, Australia and New Zealand were two to three times and respondents in the US were eight times more likely to experience cost-related non-adherence to medication in 2004-2014; mean out-of-pocket medical costs were highest in the USA at $2060-3319 and up to 18.5% had serious problems in paying for care. Soril 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Robotic surgery for rectal cancer resection in Taiwan is associated with higher costs and similar outcomes to laparoscopic surgery; laparoscopic surgery led to better outcomes than open resection. Chen 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• One-year out-of-pocket expenses incurred by patients with colorectal cancer in the first year after diagnosis in China were equivalent to 60% of annual household income, financially unmanageable in 75%. Huang 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Warfarin incurs AU$825 higher costs per year than aspirin in children after a Fontan procedure, Australia; 71% is out-of-pocket costs by family. Schilling 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Tethered stents have a mean A$864 lower total direct costs than untethered stents after ureteroscopic lithotripsy for uncomplicated urinary calculi in Australia. Okullo 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Better collection of adverse event data in 51 patients receiving hip or knee arthroplasy in Ireland identified €61,956 in missed funding for adverse event management. Lee 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Costs of managing gastroparesis in hospital in the USA increased by 159% per patient between 1997-2013, with a national cost of $568 million in 2013, 1026% higher than in 1997. Wadhwa 2017 Go to paper in PubMed
• A systematic review found that providing feedback to patients based on measures of adherence significantly increased adherence to treatment. Seewoodharry 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• 25% of admissions to intensive care in Australia in 2009-2015 were associated with alcohol misuse; these patients had longer ICU admissions and were more likely to require mechanical ventilation than patients with no alcohol misuse. Secombe 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Use of IV immunoglobulins increased and corticosteroids decreased in children with immune thrombocytopenia in Japan, 2010-14; direct costs were higher in children receiving IVIG but risks of readmission were the same as with corticosteroids. Okubo 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Midwife psychoeducation interventions prevented one Caesarian section for every 5 women who were fearful about delivery during pregnancy in Australia, with an incremental cost of A$145 per Caesarian averted. Toohill 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Outpatient EPOCH chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was associated with direct cost-savings of $141,116 per 25 patients in the USA compared with inpatient therapy, with similar rates of febrile neutropenia. Evans 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• 32% of adults aged 45+ with acute admissions for COPD in the UK between 2006-2010 were readmitted to hospital in the following year, 10% within 30 days and 18% within 90 days. Harries 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Cumulative societal costs over 18  months for Alzheimer's disease in France were €24,140 for mild dementia, €34,287 for moderate and €44,171 for severe dementia, with >50% of costs due to caregiver informal care; a 3+ decrease in MMSE scores was associated with a 12.5% increase in total costs. Rapp 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• 37% of adults with alcohol use disorder in India reported having received disulfiram therapy; 76% had surreptitious administration supported by families, 44% only received 1-2 prescriptions. Mangot 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Prescriptions for opioid analgesics increased by 10% in Australia and 8% in the Netherlands between 2000-2014; oxycodone and tramadol were most widely prescribed in Australia, fentanyl and tramadol were most commonly used in the Netherlands. Wagemaakers 2017 Go to paper on PubMed

Economic evaluations

• A systematic review of economic evaluations concluded that coronary artery bypass grafts were more likely to be cost-effective in the long term than percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents in complex multivessel coronary artery disease. Ariyaratne 2016 Go to paper on PubMed
• The most cost-effective strategy to prevent pneumococcal disease in the elderly in the Netherlands is to vaccinate adults aged 60 to 70 with one dose or two doses 5 years apart of the PPV23 vaccine. Thorrington 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Liraglutide was cost-effective compared with lixisenatide when added to basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes in Sweden, with an ICER of SEK30,802/QALY. Ericsson 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Quadrivalent influenza vaccines are cost-effective in Brazil compared with trivalent vaccines, with ICERs between R$19,257 to R$22,768/LYG. Van Bellinghen 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Pre-exposure prophylaxis for men who have sex with men in the UK can be cost-saving or have an ICER of £23,500/QALY gained compared with no PrEP. Ong 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• HPV4/9 vaccines and cervical papillomavirus screening is cost-effective in adolescent girls in China. Mo 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• An electronic clinical decision support system did not significantly improve the quality of antenatal and childbirth care in rural Tanzania, with an ICER of US$338-2469 per 1% improvement in process quality versus usual care. Saronga 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• The Xpert MTB/RIF test is unlikely to be cost-effective compared with sputum smear microscopy for diagnosing tuberculosis in South Africa. Vassall 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Using a fixed dose aspirin plus omeprazole combination to prevent cardiovascular events could be cost-saving in the USA compared with aspirin alone or with separate gastroprophylaxis. Zhang 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Empirical imipenem was cost-effective for community-acquired upper urinary tract infections managed in intensive care in France, with an ICER of €4,400/LYS compared with individualised choice of antibiotic; individualised choice was more cost-effective for patients managed on the medical ward. Parienti 2015 Go to paper on PubMed
• Temozolomide may not be cost-effective for patients with malignant glioma and glioblastoma in the USA; indirect costs of targeted treatment are high. Raizer 2015 Go to paper on PubMed
• Gastric band surgery may be cost-effective in overweight, non-obese adults in the USA if the health benefits extend beyond 5 years, with ICERs of $90,000/QALY at 2 years, $52,000/QALY at 5 years, $29,000/QALY at 10 years and $22,000/QALY at 15 years. Wentworth 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Dermatologist care for mild to moderate acne in adolescents was cost-effective compared with pediatrician care in the USA, with an ICER of $40,000/QALY gained. Davis 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• A multifactorial falls prevention intervention was not cost-effective overall for elderly home care residents in Canada, but was more cost-effective in adults aged over 85 years. Isaranuwatchai  2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Genetic screening before allopurinol treatment for gout is cost-effective in Taiwan, with an ICER of US$7508/QALY gained compared with no screening or use of benzbromarone or febuxostat. Ke 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Tranexamic acid reduced transfusions after hip or knee arthroplasty, saving $128 per patient compared with no treatment in the USA. Demos 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Tuberculin TST test followed by QuantiFERON if TST is positive is the most cost-effective way to screen for latent TB in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease or spondyloarthritis being considered for TNF-blocker therapy in France. Freund 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Intensive lifestyle interventions with short hospital admission were more cost-effective in the Netherlands than the same intervention with longer hospitalisation; BMI changes and QALYs were the same at 24 months. Makkes 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Genetic screening with a bronchial genomic classifier was cost-effective for the evaluation of lung cancer in the USA, with an ICER of $15,052/QALY gained. Feller-Kopman 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Fecal immunochemical testing is less effective in women aged 50-75 than men, but gender-based screening is no more cost-effective than uniform screening in the Netherlands. Meulen 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Left atrial appendage closure devices are not cost-effective compared with novel oral anticoagulants to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation in Canada, but are cost-effective compared with aspirin in patients intolerant of NOACs. Health Quality Ontario 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Robotic prostatectomy does not improve outcomes but increases costs compared with open or laparoscopic surgery in prostate cancer in Canada. Health Quality Ontario 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Adding nalmefene to psychosocial support is cost-effective for alcohol reduction in heavy drinkers in the UK, with an ICER of £10,613 per QALY gained. Millier 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Sufentanyl was more cost-effective than fentanyl for postoperative pain management after cancer surgery in Brazilian adults. Santos 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Neither cetuximab nor panitumumab are likely to be cost-effective when added to FOLFOX for first-line therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer in the UK, with ICERs of £104,205/QALY and £204,103/QALY respectively. Huxley 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Screening patients who had a stroke aged under 70 years for Fabry disease is unlikely to be cost-effective in Ireland. Lambe 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Costs of retesting for HIV are less than the costs averted from avoiding unnecessary antiretroviral therapy in the UK from an initial false positive test. Eaton 2017 Go to paper on PubMed

Mortality studies

• Perinatal mortality was lower in Dutch women having planned home births than those with planned hospital delivery; however, for risk groups such as preterm birth or  babies with congenital abnormalities or low Apgar scores, mortality was higher with home than hospital delivery.  van der Kooy 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Infant mortality and caesarian section rates are both significantly higher in women of less than average height in sub-Saharan Africa compared with taller mothers, mortality adjusted OR=1.95 (95%CI 1.17 to 3.25). Arendt 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• Relative risk of mortality associated with the Fukushima triple disaster (earthquake, tsunami and nuclear disaster) in Japan, 2011, was 2.64 (95%CI 2.16 to 3.24) in men and 2.46 (1.99 to 3.03) in women compared with the previous year. Morita 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Higher Prognostic Nutritional Index scores were associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in adults hospitalised with acute heart failure in Taiwan. Cheng 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Japanese adults with low physical function at the onset of renal dialysis have significantly higher mortality than those with greater function measured on the Barthel Index. Inaguma 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Median life-years lost in patients having resection for liver hepatocellular carcinoma was 21.7 years compared with matched controls in Germany. Gwiasda 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• US patients with hepatocellular carcinoma due to hepatitis B or C infection have 1-year mortality of 49-52% compared with 19-20% for patients with HBV or HCV and no cancer. Golabi 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Flosequinan increased early well-being but also increased mortality in patients with severe chronic heart failure compared with placebo. Packer 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Mortality after catheter ablation for supraventricular tachycardia was 1.4% overall and 2.6% in patients with atrial flutter at 1 year in Germany. Brachmann 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• ICU admission was not associated with a change in 30-day mortality in US elderly patients admitted with heart failure, acute MI or COPD in 2010-12, but increased costs in heart failure and AMI. Valley 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• 5-year survival was 9.2% higher overall in White than Black Americans with colorectal cancer in 2004-2012, and 2.3% higher after adjusting for tumour, demographic and insurance differences. Sineshaw 2018 Go to paper on PubMed
• 38% of patients with peripheral arterial hypertension due to congenital heart disease died over a median 6 years in the Netherlands, 2005-2016. Schuijt 2017 Go to paper on PubMed
• Ambulatory blood pressure measurements are more strongly correlated with 4-year mortality than clinic blood pressure measurements in adults in Spain; both white coat hypertension and masked hypertension increased mortality risk compared with normotensives. Banegas 2018 Go to paper on PubMed